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Alice Gillespie
Female Abt 1892 -


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Timeline

1892
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   Date  Event(s)
1 1800 
  • Over the coming century, approx. 1 million people emigrate from Britain. 162,000 are prisoners transported to Australia (60,000 convicts had been transported to the American colonies prior to the War of Independence)
2 1837 
3 1886 
  • 3,992,880 migrants leave UK for US,
    2,235,671 leave UK for British North America during period to 1927
4 1889 
5 1892 
6 1893 
7 1895 
8 1896 
9 1897 
  • 4 Mar 1897—14 Sep 1901: William McKinley 25th President of the USA 1897-1901. William McKinley dies in Buffalo, NY, 1901.
10 1898 
11 1899 
  • In the UK education is now compulsory to age 12. 1 in 8 receives education after age 14
  • Jul 1899: Friedrich Bayer & Co. market Aspirin
  • 11 Oct 1899—31 May 1902: Second Boer War, sparked when Englishman dies in Boer police custody. Scandalous British concentration camps cause many deaths of woman and children
  • 2 Nov 1899—7 Sep 1901: Chinese Boxer Rebellion
12 1900 
13 1901 
14 1902 
15 1903 
16 1904 
17 1905 
18 1906 
  • World's first feature film The Story of the Kelly Gang was an unprecedented 70 minutes long, of which only 17 minutes has survived.
  • 18 Apr 1906: San Francisco Earthquake - about 3,000 killed, between 225,000 and 300,000 were left homeless out of a population of about 410,000
  • 3 Nov 1906: SOS accepted as universal distress signal, and became effective 1 Jul 1908
19 1907 
20 1908 
21 1909 
22 1910 
23 1911 
24 1912 
  • The first modern, motorized tank was invented by E. L. de la Mole of North Adelaide, Australia, in 1912. De la Mole sent his designs to the British War Office where they were filed away into bureaucratic obscurity. Not knowing that de la Mole had already invented the tank, Col. Ernest Swinton of the British Royal Engineers began reinventing it during the early years of World War I.
  • 15 Apr 1912: The sinking of the RMS Titanic on her maiden voyage: 1,515 people lose their lives.
25 1913 
26 1914 
27 1915 
  • May 1915: Second Battle of Ypres was the first time Germany used poison gas on a large scale
  • 7 May 1915: RMS Lusitania sunk by German U-boat, killing 1198 of the 1959 people on board. . The sinking turned sentiments in neutral nations against Germany and helped provoke the United States into entering the war.
28 1916 
29 1917 
30 1918 
31 1919 
32 1920 
33 1921 
34 1922 
35 1923 
  • Credit cards introduced in USA by hotels, service stations
  • The word robot appears. May derive from Czech robota = compulsory labour
  • Radio broadcasts began in Australia
  • Kodak introduces home movie equipment using 16mm format, which becomes the non-professional standard
  • John Harwood, a watch repairer from the Isle of Man, patents the self-winding wrist watch.
  • 29 Oct 1923—10 Nov 1938: Mustafa Kemal Ataturk 1st President of modern Turkey
36 1924 
37 1925 
38 1926 
39 1927 
  • The Jazz Singer, a musical film, is the first feature-length motion picture with synchronized dialogue sequences.
  • 20 May 1927: Charles Lindbergh is the first to fly solo non-stop across the Atlantic from New York to Paris taking 33.5 hours.
40 1928 
41 1929 
42 1930 
43 1931 
44 1932 
45 1933 
46 1934 
  • Regular airmail services between Australia and England begin
  • Konrad Zuse built a series of computers, Z1 through Z4, utilizing binary arithmetic and stored programs. Along the way he invented the first programming language and began to analyze methods by which a computer could play chess.
  • Introduction of the modern comic book format with Famous Funnies
  • S. Joseph Begun produces the first tape recorder for broadcasting - first magnetic recording.
  • Oct 1934—Oct 1936: The Long March refers to the retreat of the Peoples Liberation Army of the Chinese Communist Party before the Chinese Army led by Chiang Kai-shek. Mao Zedong emerges as the top Communist leader.
47 1935 
  • The first canned beer.
  • First successful three-color roll film available to amateur photographers as Kodachrome. Kodacolor for prints appears in 1942.
  • Parker Brothers produces the board game Monopoly - the game can be traced back to the early 1900s.
  • John Maynard Keynes suggests new economic theory known as Keynesian economics.
  • 28 Feb 1935: Wallace Carothers at DuPont Labs produces a thermoplastic material that is named nylon
  • 10 Jun 1935: Alcoholics Anonymous founded
  • 15 Sep 1935: Anti-Jewish Nuremberg Laws issued in Germany
48 1936 
  • How to Win Friends and Influence People by Dale Carnegie published. It has sold more than 15 million copies, and was a New York Times best seller for 10 years.
  • 20 Jan 1936—11 Dec 1936: Edward VIII becomes King of Great Britain, etc.. House of Windsor: eldest son of George V. Abdicated amid public controversy in regard to his proposed marriage to a divorcee Mrs Wallis Simpson.
  • 17 Feb 1936: The Phantom makes his first appearance in US newspapers
  • 19 Apr 1936—1939: Arab revolt against the British government in Palestine and in opposition to Jewish immigration.
  • 1 Aug 1936—16 Aug 1936: XI Olympiad: 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin. (Decision was made in April, 1931 before the Nazi Party came to power.) Hitler saw the Olympics as a golden opportunity to promote Nazi ideology.
  • 2 Nov 1936: BBC starts regularly scheduled television broadcasts
  • 11 Dec 1936—6 Feb 1952: George VI King of Great Britain etc. House of Windsor: succeeded his brother Edward VIII. Married to Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon (1900-2002)
49 1937 
50 1938 
  • Superman comic produced
  • The ballpoint pen invented by László Bíró.
  • 1 Apr 1938: Nescafé produces instant coffee.
  • Sep 1938: British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain returns from the Munich Agreement and announces: "My good friends, for the second time in our history a British Prime Minister has returned from Germany bringing peace with honour. I believe it is peace for our time."
  • 30 Oct 1938: Radio broadcast of The War of the Worlds by H.G. Wells about an invasion of Earth by Martians causes panic in the US.
  • 9 Nov 1938: "Kristallnacht" (The Night of Broken Glass): Jewish homes and shops ransacked, as German civilians and stormtroopers destroyed buildings with sledgehammers, leaving the streets covered in smashed windows. Jews were beaten to death; 30,000 Jewish men were taken to concentration camps; and 1,668 synagogues ransacked with 267 set on fire.
51 1939 
  • 11 Aug 1939: Pan American World Airways begins first scheduled flights across the Atlantic, from New York, USA to Southampton, England.
  • 1 Sep 1939—2 Sep 1945: World War II - begins when Germany invades Poland. Axis Powers: Germany, Italy, Japan vs. Major Allied Powers: Great Britain, France, and Russia.
  • 14 Sep 1939: Igor Sikorsky develops the single-rotor Vought-Sikorsky helicopter.The VS-300 was not the first successful rotary-wing aircraft to fly, but it was the first of the single-rotor configuration that became the world standard.
52 1940 
53 1941 
54 1942 
  • Battle of Stalingrad was arguably the bloodiest battle in history, with combined casualties estimated above 1.5 million. The battle was marked by brutality and disregard for military and civilian casualties on both sides.
  • John Atanasoff and Clifford Berry built the first automatic electronic digital computer, a special-purpose machine that has come to be called the Atanasoff-Berry Computer.
  • 15 Feb 1942: Fall of Singapore to Japanese - 130,000 British prisoners of war including nearly 15,000 from Australia's 8th Division
  • 7 May 1942: Battle of the Coral Sea in the Pacific war was the first fleet action in which aircraft carriers engaged each other. It was also the first naval battle in history in which neither side's ships sighted or fired directly upon the other. The Japanese abandoned their attempt to land troops to take Port Moresby, New Guinea.
  • 4 Jun 1942: Battle of Midway in the Pacific war permanently weakened the Imperial Japanese Navy
55 1943 
  • Willem Kolff developed the first functioning artificial kidney. In 1945 he was first able to save a patient's life with hemodialysis treatment.
56 1944 
57 1945 
58 1946 
59 1947 
  • 850 Dead Sea scrolls, of great religious and historical significance, discovered over ten years in caves near Qumran
60 1948 
  • First Australian designed and manufactured car - the Holden
  • After World War II, Australia launched a massive immigration programme, believing that Australia must "populate or perish." Hundreds of thousands of displaced Europeans migrated to Australia and over 1,000,000 British Citizens immigrated under the Assisted Migration Scheme, colloquially becoming known as Ten Pound Poms.
  • South African policy of apartheid in force
  • 30 Jan 1948: Mahatma Gandhi assassinated in India
  • 14 May 1948: State of Israel proclaimed
61 1949 
62 1950 
  • Australia commits troops to the Malayan emergency
  • First modern credit card (Diners Club) introduced in the US
  • US Senator Joseph McCarthy begins anti-communist crusade which was referred to as "McCarthyism"
  • The word "brainwashing" is coined.
  • 1 Jan 1950: UK's longest running soap, The Archers, first airs on the BBC Midlands Home Service. As at 15 Jun 2007 there have been 15,190 episodes.
  • 25 Jun 1950—27 Jul 1953: Korean War: United Nations force from 16 countries and South Korea vs. North Korea and China
  • 2 Oct 1950—13 Feb 2000: "Peanuts" cartoon produced continued
63 1951 
  • South African citizens forced to carry identity cards identifying race
  • Chrysler Corporation introduced the first commercially available power steering system on the Chrysler Imperial under the name Hydraguide. Power steering had been invented in the 1920s by Francis W. Davis and George Jessup.
  • 25 Jun 1951: Regular colour TV introduced in the USA
  • 1 Sep 1951: Australia, New Zealand and the US sign the ANZUS Treaty military alliance
  • 26 Oct 1951—7 Apr 1955: Winston Churchill is again UK Prime Minister
64 1952 
  • Polio vaccine first tested by Jonas Salk
  • 6 Feb 1952: Death of King George VI. His elder daughter Elizabeth becomes Elizabeth II, Queen of of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth
  • 25 Nov 1952: "The Mousetrap" opens in London. It is the world's longest-running play.
65 1953 
66 1954 
67 1955 
  • Glass clad optic fibre invented.
  • 17 Jul 1955: Disneyland opens in Anaheim, California
  • 1 Dec 1955: Civil rights activist Rosa Parks refuses to give up her seat on a bus, and provokes one of the largest movements against racial segregation
68 1956 
69 1957 
70 1958 
71 1959 
72 1960 
73 1961 
74 1962 
75 1963 
76 1964 
  • 12 Jun 1964: Nelson Mandela sentenced to life in prison. Charges included involvement in planning armed action, in particular four charges of sabotage, which Mandela admitted to, and a conspiracy to help other countries invade South Africa, which Mandela denied.
  • 2 Jul 1964: Civil Rights Act outlaws segregation in US schools and public places, protects women in courts, and sets up the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.
77 1965 
78 1966 
  • IBM produces the word processor (not to be confused with a personal computer).
  • 14 Feb 1966: Australia changes to decimal currency - one pound becomes two dollars, one dollar has 100 cents (equal to the previous 120 pence or 10 shillings)
  • 8 Sep 1966: The Star Trek TV series debuts
  • 21 Oct 1966: In Wales a slag heap slip ("the Aberfan disaster") kills 144, including 116 children aged between 7 and 10.
79 1967 
  • 7 Feb 1967: Bushfires kill 62 and destroy 1,400 buildings in Hobart, Tasmania on what became known as Black Tuesday
  • 27 May 1967: Australian Aboriginal citizenship endorsed by referendum
  • 27 Jun 1967: The first Auromated Teller Machine (ATM) installed at Barclays Bank in Enfield, London and came into wide use in the early 1970s.
  • 1 Jul 1967: The first colour television broadcasts begin on BBC2 in UK for certain programmes. A full-colour service begins on BBC2 on 2nd December.
  • 9 Oct 1967: Bolivia - Cuban and international guerilla leader Che Guevara executed
80 1968 
81 1969 
82 1970 
  • Intel builds the first microprocessor, 'a computer on a chip'
  • Philips develops a home videocassette format.
  • 5 Mar 1970: The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty goes into effect, after ratification by 43 nations.
  • 25 Mar 1970: The Concorde makes its first supersonic flight at 1127 km/h (700 mph).
  • 10 Apr 1970: Paul McCartney announces the Beatles break up following a period of disintegration and solo interests after manager Brian Epstein's death on 27 Aug 1967.
  • 4 May 1970: Four students are killed and 9 wounded at Kent State University by Ohio State National Guardsmen at a protest against the incursion into Cambodia.
  • 26 Aug 1970: The Isle of Wight Festival 1970 takes place on East Afton Farm off the coast of England. Some 600,000 people attend the largest rock festival of all time.
  • 6 Sep 1970: The Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine hijacks four passenger aircraft from Pan Am, TWA and Swissair on flights to New York from Brussels, Frankfurt and Zürich.
  • 15 Oct 1970: A section of the new West Gate Bridge in Melbourne, Australia, collapses into the river below, killing 35 construction workers.
  • 9 Nov 1970: Charles de Gaulle dies; he is buried 13 November.
  • 7 Dec 1970: The U.N. General Assembly supports the isolation of South Africa due to its apartheid policies.
83 1971 
  • World population passes four billion
  • The dot matrix printer invented using 80 column 5x7 dot characters.
  • The laser printer produced. Printers for personal computers appear in 1984.
  • 15 Feb 1971: The English pound ("sterling") converted to decimal currency - the pound now has 100 pence instead of 240.
  • 9 Aug 1971: Northern Ireland - British security forces in Northern Ireland detain hundreds of guerrilla suspects and put them into Long Kesh prison - the beginning of an internment without trial policy. Twenty die in riots that follow. Over the next few days, 3,000 people from Belfast and Derry flee to Ireland because of the violence. British troops are stationed on the Ireland border to stop arms smuggling. The total number of troops in Northern Ireland is raised to 12,500.
  • 28 Oct 1971: The British House of Commons votes 356-244 in favour of joining the European Economic Community
84 1972 
  • The domestic food processor (Magimix) produced.
  • M*A*S*H television series premieres two years after the movie
  • 17 Jun 1972: The Watergate break-in at Democratic Party offices that will eventually bring about the resignation of the President of the US.
  • 26 Aug 1972: XX Olympiad: Summer Olympics in Munich, Germany. They are marred by the massacre of 11 Israeli athletes by Palestinian terrorists ("Black September")
85 1973 
86 1974 
  • China's Terracotta Army discovered
  • 8 Aug 1974: US President Nixon announces his resignation as a result of the Watergate scandal
  • 9 Aug 1974—1977: Gerald Ford 38th President of the US 1974-1977, the only person to hold the office without having been elected Vice President or President.
  • 12 Sep 1974: Ethiopian Emperor Haile Selassie deposed after 58 year rule by a military faction
  • 24 Dec 1974: Cyclone Tracy demolishes Darwin, NT. 71 people were killed and 30,000 people had to be evaculated. Almost all buildings were damaged or destroyed.
87 1975 
88 1976 
89 1977 
90 1978 
91 1979 
92 1980 
  • Rubik's Cube, originally invented in 1974, marketed successfully by Ideal Toys
  • 18 May 1980: Mount St. Helens, WA, USA erupts. Fifty-seven people are killed and there is extensive damage to homes and infrastructure.
  • 17 Aug 1980: Lindy Chamberlain raised the alarm that a dingo had just taken her 9 week old baby Azaria at Uluru in central Australia - creating extraordinarily intense international media interest
  • 8 Dec 1980: John Lennon assassinated in New York
93 1981 
94 1982 
95 1983 
96 1984 
97 1985 
98 1986 
  • World population passes five billion
  • Elizabeth II signed the Australia Act cutting the last constitutional ties with Britain apart from sharing the same monarch
  • Fuji introduced the disposable camera.
  • 28 Jan 1986: Seven crew members killed in Space Shuttle Challenger disaster
  • 19 Feb 1986—23 Mar 2001: Russian Mir space station launched. It was deliberately de-orbited on 23 Mar 2001.
  • 26 Feb 1986: People Power succeed in forcing Phillipines President Ferdinand Marcos to flee in the face of wide-spread objection to massive government corruption, despotism, nepotism, political repression and human rights violations.
  • 26 Apr 1986: Chernobyl nuclear accident. Large areas of Ukraine, Belarus, and Russia were badly contaminated, resulting in the evacuation and resettlement of over 336,000 people.
99 1987 
100 1988 
  • The RU-486 'morning after' pill discovered in 1980 is licensed for use under the name Mifepristone.
  • 21 Dec 1988: Pan Am Flight 103 explodes as the result of bombs on board over Lockerbie (Scotland), scattering debris and 270 passengers along 130 km (81 mile) corridor. Eleven people from Lockerbie were also killed.
101 1989 
102 1990 
103 1991 
104 1992 
  • 1 Apr 1992—14 Dec 1995: War in Bosnia and Herzegovina involved international Peace-keeping Forces from 1995-1996. Soldiers killed 31270, civilians 32723.

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