Rollo, 1st Duke of Normandy

Abt 0846 - Abt 0932  (~ 86 years)

 Set As Default Person

• Name	Rollo
  Suffix	1st Duke of Normandy
  Known as	Rolf, Hrolf, Rollon
  Born	Abt 0846
  Gender	Male
  Employment	Between 887 and 911	Normandy, France   [1]
  imposes himself as chief of the Vikings settled in the lower Seine region. He repels the Franks, pushing right up to the doors of the Ile-de-France. He attacks Chartres but, repulsed, withdraws again to the Seine.
  Employment	911	Normandy, France   [1]
  Seeking to block the lower Seine, which had become a real "motorway" for the Viking invasions of the Kingdom of Frankia, the new king, Charles the Simple, concludes an agreement with Rolf at Saint-Clair-sur-Epte, conceding to him the suzerainty of the territory of the lower Seine which, de facto, Rolf had already had for several years.
  Employment	931	Normandy, France   [1]
  Brittany is totally subdued: on the east by the Normans of the Seine and on the west by Normans who have settled on the River Loire. The Normans of the Seine take advantage of this to get a foothold in Cotentin and Avranchin, and on the Channel Islands, in order to control the Scandinavian troops which have to submit to the Jarl of Rouen's authority.
  Died	Abt 0932	Rouen, Normandy, France
  Notes	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rollo From http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rollo re Rollo's origins: Rollo was a powerful Viking leader of contested origin. Dudo of Saint-Quentin, in his De moribus et actis primorum Normannorum ducum,[4] tells of a powerful Danish nobleman at loggerheads with the king of Denmark, who had two sons, Gurim and Rollo; upon his death, Rollo was expelled and Gurim killed. Dudo's chronicle, commissioned for Richard I, was finished, sometime after 1015,[5] for Richard II, whose sister, Emma, married the Danish King Cnut, in 1017. William of Jumièges also mentions Rollo's prehistory in his continuation of Dudo's work, Gesta Normannorum Ducum, but states that he came from the Danish town of Fakse. Norwegian and Icelandic historians, basing their research on medieval Norwegian and Icelandic sagas, identified Rollo instead with Ganger Hrolf (Hrolf, the Walker), a son of Rognvald Eysteinsson (fl. 865), Earl of Møre in Western Norway. The Latin Historia Norvegiae, written in Norway at the end of the 12th century, offers the oldest source of this version. This Hrolf fell foul of the Norwegian king Harald Fairhair (c. 850 – c. 932, reigned c. 872 – 930), and became a Jarl in Normandy. The nickname "the Walker", "Ganger" in Norse, came from being so big that no horse could carry him.[6][7][8] Geoffrey of Malaterra, in his The Deeds of Count Roger of Calabria & Sicily & of Duke Robert Guiscard his brother claims Rollo "sailed boldly from Norway".[9] The question of Rollo's origins became a matter of heated dispute between Norwegian and Danish historians of the 19th and early 20th centuries, particularly in the run-up to Normandy's millennium anniversary in 1911. Today, the debate continues. Rollo (c.860 - c.932) was the Frankish-Latin name taken by (probably) Hrolf Ganger (Hrolf the Walker, Old Norse: Hrólfur Rögnvaldsson and Göngu-Hrólfur, Norwegian: Gange-Rolf). He has also been called "Rollo the Gangler" in some works, or occasionally "Robert". Rollo was a Viking leader, probably (based on Icelandic sources) from Norway, the son of Ragnvald, Earl of Moer; sagas mention a Hrolf, son of Ragnvald jarl of Moer. However, the latinization Rollo has in no known instance been applied to a Hrolrolf, and in the texts which speak of him, numerous latinized Hrolfs are included. Dudo of St. Quentin (by most accounts a more reliable source, and at least more recent and living nearer the regions concerned), in his Gesta Normannorum, tells oof a powerful Dacian duke (or count?) at loggerheads with the king of Dacia, who then died and left his two sons, Gurim and Rollo, leaving Rollo to be expelled and Gurim killed.(1) With his followers (known as Normans, or northmen), Rollo invaded the area of northern France now known as Normandy. This does seem somewhat unlikely, as Dacia had by then ceased to exist, and was right at the opposite southeastern corner of Europe. Wace, writing some 300 years after the event, gives a Scandinavian origin, as does the Orkneyinga Saga, Danish or Norwegian most likely. Concluding the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte (911) with the French king Charles the Simple, Rollo pledged feudal allegiance to the king, changed his name to the Frankish version, and converted to Christianity, probably with the baptismal name R Robert. In return he was granted the lower Seine area (today's upper Normandy) and the titular rulership of Normandy, centred around the city of Rouen. There exists some argument among historians as to whether Rollo was a "duke" (dux) or whether his position was equivalent to that of a "count" under Charlemagne. According to legend, when required, in conformity with general usage, to kiss the foot of King Charles, he refused to stoop to what he considered so great a degradation; yet as the homage could not be dispensed with, he ordered one of his warriors to perform it for him. The latter, as proud as his chief, instead of stooping to the royal foot, raised it so high, that the King fell to the ground. Sometime around 927 he passed the Duchy of Normandy to his son, William Longsword. He may have lived for a few years after that, but certainly died before 933. He was a direct ancestor of William the Conqueror. By William, he was a direct ancestor of the present-day British royal family, including Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The "clameur de haro" on the Channel Islands is, supposedly, an appeal to Rollo. (1) For those who assume that Dudo was confused or mistranslated in his Gesta Normannorum and really meant "Denmark" and not "Dacia", the kings of Denmark during Rollo's lifetime (c. 860-933) were probably: Harald (not the famous Harald Bluetoototh) for the first three years of Rollo's life, the two co-rulers Halfdan (not the famous Halfdan the Black) and Sigfrid, and the kings of the Swedish Olof dynasty. This may lead to additional confusion, as Ragnvald (or Rognvald or Rognvaldr) was killed by another Halfdan, the son of a Harald, but this Harald is Harald Fairhair, king of Norway. References and external links • D.C. Douglas, "Rollo of Normandy", English Historical Review, Vol. 57 (1942), pp. 414-436 • Robert Helmerichs, [Rollo as Historical Figure] • Rosamond McKitterick, The Frankish Kingdom under the Carolingians, 751-987, (Longman) 1983 • Dudonis gesta Normannorum (http://www.fh-augsburg.de/~harsch/Chronologia/Lspost11/Dudo/dud_f.html ) - Dudo of St. Quentin Gesta Normannorum latin version at Bibliotheca Augustana • Dudo of St. Quentin's Gesta Normannorum (http://www.the-orb.net/orb_done/dudo/dudindex.html ) - An English Translation
  Person ID	I2664	Roy~Royes | Hougham
  Last Modified	7 Feb 2015

  
  

  Father	Rognvald Eysteinsson, Earl of Møre and the Orcades           b. Abt 837, Maer, Nord-Trondelag, Norway           d. Abt 892, Orkney Islands, Orkney, Scotland  (Age ~ 55 years)
  Mother	Ragnhild Hrolfsdottir, Countess of Møre           b. Abt 848, Orkney Islands, Orkney, Scotland           d. Aft 892  (Age ~ 45 years)
  Family ID	F206	Family Group  |  Family Chart

  
  

  Family 1	Poppa de Bayeux           b. 872, Bayeux, Normandy, France           d. 932  (Age 60 years)
  Married	886
  Notes	Some sources have Rollo and Poppa re-marry after alleged marriage to Giselle [2]
  Children	+ 1. William I "Longsword", Duke of Normandy           b. Abt 894, Rouen, Normandy, France           d. 17 Dec 942, France  (Age ~ 48 years)   2. Crespina of Normandy           b. Abt 905           d. ?   3. Gerloc of Normandy           b. 912, Normandy, France           d. 14 Oct 962  (Age 50 years)   4. Robert de Corbeil   5. Kadlin of Normandy           b. Normandy, France
  Last Modified	28 Mar 2014 02:30:18
  Family ID	F970	Family Group  |  Family Chart

  
  

  Family 2	Gisela, of France           b. France           d. France
  Married	912
  Last Modified	28 Mar 2014 02:30:18
  Family ID	F971	Family Group  |  Family Chart

  
  

• Event Map		Employment - imposes himself as chief of the Vikings settled in the lower Seine region. He repels the Franks, pushing right up to the doors of the Ile-de-France. He attacks Chartres but, repulsed, withdraws again to the Seine. - Between 887 and 911 - Normandy, France Employment - Seeking to block the lower Seine, which had become a real "motorway" for the Viking invasions of the Kingdom of Frankia, the new king, Charles the Simple, concludes an agreement with Rolf at Saint-Clair-sur-Epte, conceding to him the suzerainty of the territory of the lower Seine which, de facto, Rolf had already had for several years. - 911 - Normandy, France Employment - Brittany is totally subdued: on the east by the Normans of the Seine and on the west by Normans who have settled on the River Loire. The Normans of the Seine take advantage of this to get a foothold in Cotentin and Avranchin, and on the Channel Islands, in order to control the Scandinavian troops which have to submit to the Jarl of Rouen's authority. - 931 - Normandy, France Died - Abt 0932 - Rouen, Normandy, France  = Link to Google Earth
  Pin Legend	: Address       : Location       : City/Town       : County/Shire       : State/Province       : Country       : Not Set

  
  

• Photos

  Rollo (860-932) 1st Duke of Normany

  
  

  Histories		How reliable is our data? Examines key points in the family trees where there are questions marks
  		Rollo, First Duke of Normandy Notes from various sources courtesy of Robin Young

  
  

  Overviews » Slide Show		0837 AVRANCHES - from Rognvald and Rollo to William d'Avranches The Houghams are descendants of the d'Avranches.
  		032. COMPARATIVE CHART 0900-1500 This chart compares the Avranches/Hougham line with that of the Dukes of Normandy and the English throne, based on Solomon Hougham 1475-1518, a key figure in the Hougham pedigree. Emma of Normandy is 27xgreat aunt of May Royes.
  		PEDIGREE - HOUGHAM (from Solomon Hougham 1475)-d'Avranches Solomon Hougham (1475-1518) is a key person for many modern Hougham descendants. Their pedigrees have been taken back to Solomon and then this chart follows the line back possibly to 0530 (Egil)

  
  

• Sources

  [S139] The Vikings in Normandy: Timeline. [S168] Ronald Wells, Ancient Ancestors.